If a patient receiving TPN complains of chest pain and difficulty breathing, what is the appropriate action?

When a patient receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) reports symptoms such as chest pain and difficulty breathing, calling for the nurse is the appropriate action. This response is essential because these symptoms could indicate serious complications, such as an air embolism, allergic reaction, or a cardiac issue. The nurse has the training and authority to assess the situation thoroughly and implement necessary interventions, such as administering medications or oxygen, or adjusting the TPN infusion.

While monitoring vital signs is important, it is not a primary action that addresses potential critical issues quickly. Increasing the infusion rate could exacerbate the situation by putting additional stress on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Administering oxygen may be necessary later, but it's essential first to have a nursing assessment to determine the most appropriate care and response to the patient’s distress. Thus, involving the nurse immediately ensures that the patient receives timely and appropriate care for their serious symptoms.